The Silent Threat: Why Ovarian Cancer Awareness Could Save Lives
Ovarian cancer is often called the “silent killer” because its symptoms are subtle, easily overlooked, and difficult to detect early. Unlike other cancers, there’s no reliable screening test, making awareness and prevention crucial. But there’s hope—significant advances in genetics, surgery, and targeted treatments are changing the landscape of ovarian cancer care.
This Ovarian Cancer Awareness month, we sat down with Associate Professor Rhonda Farrell, Director of Gynaecological Oncology, to discuss the importance of early detection, prevention, and the strides being made to improve outcomes for women diagnosed with this disease.
A Disease That Strikes in Life’s Prime
Ovarian cancer doesn’t just affect older women. It often develops between the ages of 40 and 70, striking at a time when many are balancing careers, families, and personal milestones. The most common type, epithelial ovarian cancer, affects approximately 1 in 80 Australian women. Alarmingly, around 1 in 7 cases of this cancer occur due to inherited genetic mutations—meaning some women have a higher risk without even realising it.
But this knowledge brings power. “We now understand that a significant portion of ovarian cancer cases are linked to inherited genes, like the BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations,” says Associate Professor Farrell. “For these women, prevention is possible.”
The Power of Prevention
For those with a strong family history of ovarian or breast cancer, genetic testing can be a game-changer. Identifying a high-risk gene early means women can take proactive steps, such as increased monitoring or preventive surgery once they’ve completed their families.
“There are hereditary cancer clinics across Australia where women can discuss their family history with a geneticist and determine their risk,” Associate Professor Farrell explains. “For women with a confirmed high-risk gene, removing the ovaries and fallopian tubes significantly reduces their chances of developing ovarian cancer.”
The Challenge of Early Detection
Right now, there’s no reliable screening test for ovarian cancer, making symptom awareness critical. Unlike some other cancers, routine blood tests and ultrasounds aren’t enough to detect it early.
Symptoms can be vague, often dismissed as common digestive or menstrual issues. They include:
- Persistent bloating
- Changes in bowel habits
- Pelvic discomfort or pressure
- Unexplained weight loss or gain
- Feeling full quickly when eating
“If something doesn’t feel right, listen to your body,” says Professor Farrell. “We encourage women experiencing persistent symptoms to see their GP and ask for a pelvic ultrasound and, if necessary, a blood test.”
Advances in Treatment Are Bringing New Hope
Despite its challenges, the outlook for ovarian cancer is improving. Researchers are making strides in targeted therapies that personalise treatment based on a tumour’s genetic makeup, significantly improving survival rates.
“Surgery and chemotherapy remain the primary treatment options, but now we have drugs designed to target the specific vulnerabilities of cancer cells,” Associate Professor Farrell says. “These new therapies are extending lives and improving quality of life for many women.”
Research is also underway to develop an early detection test, which could revolutionise the way ovarian cancer is diagnosed and treated.
Looking Forward with Hope
Ovarian cancer is a formidable disease, but awareness, prevention, and research are shifting the landscape. By understanding risk factors, recognising symptoms, and advocating for early intervention, women have a better chance of detecting the disease ahead of time—when treatment is most effective.
“Every step forward in ovarian cancer research brings new hope,” says Associate Professor Farrell. “While we still have a way to go, the progress being made means more women are living longer, healthier lives after diagnosis.”
If you have concerns about your risk, talking to your doctor or a genetic specialist could be the first step in protecting your health. When it comes to cancer, awareness, education and early detection are key.
Additional Resources
Ovarian cancer | Cancer Australia
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